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| Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics |
| • Pharmacology Branch was founded in the 1989-1990 academic year to begin the scientific process where the branch has always paid great attention to the quality of academic education and helping students in the study of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and their relationship to clinical fields
• The pharmacology branch is responsible for teaching the science of pharmacology for third year undergraduate students of the College of Medicine as a basic material in the study of medicine .The branch begins teaching the material with an introduction to the kinetics and dynamics of the drug passing through the drug discovery process .It also provides basic knowledge of the functions of the various drugs clinically, and through study courses in pharmacology branch while students continue to learn the basics in physiology, pathology and biochemistry to employ them in Learning the effectiveness of medication.
• The branch began granting high academic degrees (MSc) in 1994 and doctorate in 1999.The branch is not linked to Iraqi or Arabic Board of Medical Specialties.
• With regard to graduate students (master's), in addition to the commitment of pharmacology branch in the teaching of pharmacology and toxicology sciences, the branch involves students in the pharmaceutical selections material and seminars to discuss the newly emerging scientific problems that have a relation with the use of medications. With regard to doctoral students, the branch teaches them advanced pharmacology with details related to the molecular mechanism of the medications effectiveness .In the practical part all graduate students participates and is designed to conduct relevant selected experiments that is related to pharmacological effects on various body systems.
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| Defense of a PhD Dissertation on the Protective and Therapeutic Effects of Natural Compounds Against Gastric Ulcers |
The Department of Pharmacology at the College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, held on Thursday, 27 November 2025, the defense of the PhD dissertation of the student Samer Jaafar Shareef, entitled: “Protective and Therapeutic Effects of Emodin and Salvianolic Acid-B Against Diclofenac-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Male Rats.” This study aims to evaluate the protective and therapeutic effects of Emodin and Salvianolic Acid-B against diclofenac-induced gastric ulcers, and to determine their influence on secretory parameters, antioxidant, anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory activities, as well as their angiogenesis-promoting effects in this model. It also includes the histological assessment of gastric tissues following treatment with Emodin and Salvianolic Acid-B in diclofenac-induced gastric ulcer. The results showed improvements in secretory parameters (gastric fluid volume, pH, pepsin, asymmetric dimethylarginine, and α1-antitrypsin precursor), antioxidant markers (lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and catalase), inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 and interleukin-10), and anti-ulcer indicators (prostaglandin E2 and cyclooxygenase-1). Angiogenic factors (VEGF and HGF) were also significantly increased, in addition to a marked reduction in histopathological alterations. These findings support that Emodin and Salvianolic Acid-B possess protective and therapeutic effects against nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug–induced gastric ulcers. The proposed mechanism underlying these effects includes anti-secretory, antioxidant, anti-ulcer, and anti-inflammatory activities, along with enhanced angiogenic stimulation and improvement in tissue histopathology.
Examination Committee: • Prof. Ahmed Rahma Ali – Chair
• Prof. Anees Khalil Nail – Member
• Prof. Ban Jomaa Qasim – Member
• Prof. Manaf Hashim Abdul-Razzaq – Member
• Asst. Prof. Fouad Kazem Kati – Member
• Prof. Haitham Mahmood Kazem – Member and Supervisor The dissertation was accepted with a grade of Excellent.
Media and Government Communication Division
College of Medicine – Al-Nahrain University 
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| A Scientific Lecture at Al-Nahrain College of Medicine to Promote Drug Safety Awareness |
As part of the Drug Safety Week activities, and under the patronage of the Dean of the College of Medicine at Al-Nahrain University, Prof. Dr. Anis Khalil Nail, the college organized a specialized scientific lecture supervised by the Department of Pharmacology, titled: “Clinical and Legislative Distinction Between Adverse Effects, Adverse Events, and Immune Hypersensitivity Reactions.” The lecture was delivered by Clinical Pharmacist Marwa Ali Al-Dabbagh, Head of the Pharmacovigilance Unit at Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City. During the session, she discussed the fundamental concepts of drug safety, as well as the mechanisms for monitoring and reporting drug reactions. The lecture aimed to enhance pharmaceutical and medical awareness among medical students and to strengthen their skills in safe drug handling, thereby promoting responsible pharmaceutical practices within healthcare institutions.
Media and Government Communication Division
College of Medicine – Al-Nahrain University 
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