Third year curriculum
 (PATPat-31) First semester (5.5 credits)
60 hours theory (4 hours/week)
90 hours practical (3 hours/week)

(1) Theory
1. Introduction to pathology

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic concepts of pathology and pathogenesis and to list causes of disease.

1. Definitions of pathology, pathogenesis and etiology
2. Basic concepts of etiology or cause of disease
3. Pathogenesis
4. Morphologic changes
5. Functional derangement and clinical manifestation

 

2. Cellular adaptation, cell injury and death

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe major concepts of reversible and irreversible cell injury and to discriminate between necrosis and apoptosis.

1. Cellular Responses to Stress and Noxious Stimuli
2. Cellular Adaptations of Growth and Differentiation
3. Cell Injury and Cell Death
4. Causes of Cell Injury
5. Mechanisms of Cell Injury
6. Reversible and Irreversible Cell Injury
7. Morphology of Cell Injury and Necrosis
8. Examples of Cell Injury and Necrosis
9. Apoptosis

 

3. Degeneration and deposits
Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to define setiatosis, hyaline changes, calcification and hemochromatosis.

1. Intracellular Accumulations
2. Steatosis (Fatty Change)
3. hyaline change
4. pigments
5. Pathologic Calcification
6. Hemochromatosis and hemosiderosis

 

4. Acute and chronic inflammation

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe mechanism of acute inflammation, to list causes of inflammation, to define granuloma, and to list causes of granulomatous inflammation.

1. General Features of Inflammation
2. Acute Inflammation
3. Chemical Mediators of Inflammation
4. Outcomes of Acute Inflammation
5. Morphologic Patterns of Acute Inflammation
6. Chronic Inflammation
7. Granulomatous inflammation
8. Systemic Effects of Inflammation
9. Consequences of Defective or Excessive Inflammation

 

5. Tissue Renewal and Repair
Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to define tissue renewal and repair, to describe scar formation and fibrosis.

1. Definitions
2. Control of Normal Cell Proliferation and Tissue Growth
3. Mechanisms of Tissue Regeneration
4. Extracellular Matrix (ECM) and Cell-Matrix Interactions
5. Repair by Healing, Scar Formation, and Fibrosis
6. Cutaneous Wound Healing
7. Fibrosis
8. Overview of Repair Responses After Injury and Inflammation

 

6. Hemodynamic Disorders

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to define edema to list causes of edema, to describe congestion, to define shock and to list causes of shock.

1. Edema and heart failure
2. Hyperemia and Congestion
3. Hemorrhage
4. Hemostasis and Thrombosis
5. Shock

 

 

7. Genetic Disorders

 Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to define mutation, to be familiar with patterns of genetic disorders and to know the concept of molecular diagnosis.

1. Mutations
2. Mendelian Disorders
3. Disorders with Multifactorial Inheritance
4. Cytogenetic Disorders
5. Single-Gene Disorders with Nonclassic Inheritance
6. Molecular Diagnosis
7. Diagnosis of Genetic Diseases

 

8. Immune pathology

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe types of hypersensitivity reaction, to define transplant rejection, to define autoimmune disease and describe types of Immunologic deficiency.

1. Mechanisms of hypersensitivity reactions
2. Transplant rejection
3. Autoimmune diseases
4. Immunologic tolerance
5. Immunologic deficiency syndromes

 

9. Neoplasia

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to define neoplasia, to name different tumors, to differentiate between benign and malignant neoplasms and to know basic concepts of molecular basis of cancer.

1. Definitions
2. Nomenclature
3. Biology of Tumor Growth: Benign and Malignant Neoplasms
4. Molecular Basis of Cancer
5. Carcinogenic Agents and Their Cellular Interactions
6. Host Defense against Tumors—Tumor Immunity
7. Clinical Features of Tumors

 

 

10. Infectious diseases

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe general principles of microbial infections and to be familiar with major viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections.

1. General Principles of Microbial Pathogenesis
2. Viral Infections
3. Bacterial Infections
4. Fungal Infections
5. Parasitic Infections

 

11. Environmental and Nutritional Pathology

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe relation between environmental exposures and disease, to be familiar with effects of smoking and alcoholism and to be familiar with under nutrition and obesity.

1. Environment and Disease
2. Common Environmental and Occupational Exposures
3. Tobacco Use
4. Alcohol Abuse
5. Nutrition and disease: nutritional deficiencies, obesity

 

12. Hematology

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to be familiar with diseases originating from RBC, WBC and platelet disorders, to describe basic concepts of coagulation disorders and to list indications and complications of blood transfusion.

1. Anemia
2. Acute leukemia
3. Chronic leukemia
4. Multiple myeloma
5. Coagulation disorders
6. Blood Transfusion

 

13. Cardiovascular system

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe major congenital heart disease, to be familiar with ischemic heart disease and to basic concepts of myocardial and pericardial disorders.

1. Congenital Heart Disease
2. Ischemic Heart Disease
3. Hypertensive Heart Disease
4. Valvular Heart Disease
5. Cardiomyopathies
6. Pericardial Disease
7. Tumors of the Heart

 

14. Respiratory system

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe major types of pneumonia, to discriminate between obstructive and restrictive pulmonary diseases and to be familiar with broncogenic carcinoma.

1. Pulmonary Infections
2. Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases
3. Restrictive Pulmonary Diseases
4. Diffuse Interstitial (Infiltrative, Restrictive) Diseases
5. Tumors

Third year Practical curriculum
(PATPat-P1) First semester

1. Introduction to pathology

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic concepts of pathology and pathogenesis and to describe method of handling biopsy and cytology specimens.

1. Definitions of pathology, pathogenesis and etiology.
2. Definition of biopsy and techniques.
3. Cytopathology technique.

 

2. Acute inflammation

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic vascular and cellular changes of acute inflammation.

1. Acute appendicitis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

 

3. Chronic inflammation

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histologic changes of chronic inflammation.

1. Nasal polyp: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Chronic cystitis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
3. Chronic cholycystitis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

 

4. Chronic granulomatous inflammation

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histologic changes of chronic granulomatous inflammation.

1. T.B lymphadenitis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Foreign body granuloma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

 

5. Hemodynamic Disturbances

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histologic changes of Hemodynamic Disturbances.

1. Coronary artery atheroma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Atheroma with thrombosis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
3. Pulmonary infarction: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
4. Net meg liver: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

6. Degeneration and deposits

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic types of degeneration and deposits.

1. Steatosis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Calcification: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
3. Hemochromatosis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
4. Hyaline liver changes: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications

 

7. Benign tumors

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to  describe basic histologic features of benign tumors and the nomenclature of these neoplasms.

1. Fibroadenoma breasts: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Leiomyoma uterus: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
3. Lipoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

 

8. Malignant tumors

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histological features of malignant tumors and the nomenclature of these neoplasms.

1. Colorectal carcinoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Breast carcinoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
3. Bronchogenic carcinoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

9. Immunopathology

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to basic histological features of some common autoimmune diseases.

1. Hashimoto's thyroiditis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

b) Graves's disease: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

19. Anemias

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histological features of iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia.

1. Iron deficiency anemia: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features
2. Thalasemia: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

11. Anemias (2)

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histological features of sickle cell anemia and hereditary spherocytosis.

12. Acute leukemia

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histological features of acute myeloid leukemia and acute lympoblastic leukemia.

1. Acute myeloid leukemia: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

 

Third year curriculum
(PATPat-32) Second semester (4 .5credits)

45 hours theory (3 hours/week)
90 hours practical (3 hours/week)

1. Theory

 

1. The Gastrointestinal Tract

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe major congenital and acquired disorders of esophagus, somach, intestine, appendix and peritonium.

1. Diseases of Esophagus:  Congenital Anomalies, Lesions Associated with Motor Dysfunction, Esophageal Varices,  Esophagitis and tumors.
2. Diseases of Stomach: Congenital Anomalies, Gastritis, Peptic Ulcer Disease and tumors.
3. Diseases of Small and Large Intestines: Congenital anomalies, Enterocolitis, Malabsorption Syndromes, Idiopathic Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Diverticular Disease and Tumors.
4. Diseases of Appendix
5. Diseases of Peritoneum

 

2. Liver and Biliary Tract

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe major hepatic and biliary tract disorders.

1. Patterns of hepatic injury
2. Viral hepatitis
3. Autoimmune hepatitis
4. Drug- and toxin-induced liver disease
5. Intrahepatic biliary tract disease
6. Circulatory disorders
7. Nodules and tumors
8. Disorders of the gallbladder
9. Disorders of the extrahepatic bile ducts
10. Tumors of biliary tract

 

 

3. Urinary system

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe major congenital and acquired renal disorders.

1. Clinical Manifestations of Renal Diseases
2. Congenital Anomalies
3. Urinary tract infection
4. Cystic Diseases of the Kidney
5. Glomerular Diseases
6. Diseases Affecting Tubules and Interstitium
7. Urinary Tract Obstruction (Obstructive Uropathy)
8. Tumors of the Kidney

 

4. The Male Genital Tract

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe major congenital abnormalities, to describe tumors of external genitalia and to be familiar with various types of testicular tumors and prostatic carcinoma.

1. Congenital anomalies
2. Inflammations
3. Tumors of external genitalia
4. Cryptorchidism
5. Testicular tumors
6. Nodular hyperplasia (benign prostatic hyperplasia)
7. Prostatic carcinoma

 

5. The Female Genital Tract and Breast

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe major disorders of female uterus and cervix.

1. Infections of the Female Genital Tract
2. Acute and chronic cervicitis
3. Intraepithelial and Invasive Squamous Neoplasia of cervix
4. Functional endometrial disorders (dysfunctional uterine bleeding)
5. Endometriosis and Adenomyosis
6. Endometrial hyperplasia (endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia
7. Malignant Tumors of the Endometrium
8. Benign and proliferative breast disorders
9. Malignant breast tumors

 

6. The Endocrine System

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe major disorders arising on background of increased or decreased hormone production and tumor mass effect.

1. Pituitary gland: clinical manifestations of pituitary disease, pituitary adenomas and hyperpituitarism, hypopituitarism, posterior pituitary syndromes and hypothalamic suprasellar tumors
2. Thyroid gland: hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, Graves disease, diffuse and multinodular goiters and neoplasms of the thyroid.
3. Hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism
4. Diabetes mellitus
5. Adrenal glands: hypercortisolism (cushing syndrome) and adrenal insufficiency and pheochromocytoma

 

7. The skin

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be familiar with common skin disorders.

1. Definitions of macroscopic terms
2. Definitions of microscopic terms
3. Disorders of Pigmentation and Melanocytes
4. Benign and malignant Epithelial Tumors
5. Acute inflammatory dermatoses
6. Chronic inflammatory dermatoses
7. Infection and Infestation

 

8. Lymporeticular system

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe reactive lymphoid disorders, Hodgkin's lymphoma and Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

1. Reactive (Inflammatory) Proliferations of White Cells and Lymph Nodes
2. Neoplastic Proliferations of White Cells
3. Hodgkin's lymphoma
4. Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma

 

9. Central Nervous System

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe CVA, demyelinating diseases and degenerative diseases and to be familiar with CNS tumors.

1. Cerebrovascular diseases
2. Infections: acute meningitis, acute focal suppurative infections  and chronic bacterial meningoencephalitis
3. Demyelinating diseases
4. Degenerative diseases
5. Tumors: Astrocytoma and Memigioma

 

10. Musculoskeletal system

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe bone infection and tumors, to describe arthritis and joint tumors and to be familiar with the concept of soft tissue tumors.

1. Bones: Infections—Osteomyelitis and Bone Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesion
2. Joints: Arthritis and Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions
3. Soft Tissue Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Third year Practical curriculum
(PATPat-P2) Second semester
1. Respiratory system

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histological features of broncopneumonia, lobar pneumonia and bronchiactasis.

1. Bronchopneumonia: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Lobar pneumonia: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
3. Bronchiactasis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

2. Respiratory system 2

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histological features of major types of broncogenic carcinoma.

1. Small cell carcinoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

3. Gastrointestinal tract 1

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histologic changes of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric carcinoma.

1. Chronic gastritis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Peptic ulcer: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
3. Gastric carcinoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

4. Gastrointestinal tract 2

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histologic changes of crohn's disease, Ulcerative colitis and colorectal carcinoma.

1. Crohn's disease: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Ulcerative colitis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
3. Colorectal carcinoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

5. Liver, Gallbladder and Pancreas

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histologic changes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

1. Liver cirrhosis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Hepatocellular carcinoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
3. Steatosis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

 

6. Female genital tract and breast 1

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic types of ovarian cysts and leiomyoma.

1. Ovarian cysts: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Leiomyoma uterus: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

7. Female genital tract and breast 2

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histological features of fibroadenoma breast and breast carcinoma.

1. Fibroadenoma breats: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Carcinoma breast: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

 

8. Male genital tract

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histologic features of benign prostatic hyperplasia and carcinoma prostate.

1. Benign prostatic hyperplasia: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Carcinoma prostate: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

9. Urinary system

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histological features of chronic pyelonephritis, chronic cystitis and renal cell carcinoma.

1. Chronic pyelonephritis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Chronic cystitis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
3. Renal cell carcinoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

10. Lymphoreticular system

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histologic features of Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

1. Hodgkin’s lymphoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

11. Endocrine system

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histologic features of multinodular goiter, different types of thyroid carcinoma, pheochrmocytoma.

1. multinodular goiter: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Thyroid carcinoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
3. Pheochrmocytoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

12. Nervous system

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histologic features of CVA and brain tumors.

1. CVA: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Meningioma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
3. Astrocytoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

13. Musculoskeletal system and skin

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to describe basic histologic features of osteomyelitis, osteogenic sarcoma and carcinoma skin.

1. Osteomyelitis: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
2. Osteogenic sarcoma: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.
3. Carcinoma skin: causes, pathogenesis, gross and microscopic features and complications.

Fifth year Surgical Pathology Curriculum

(PATSrg-5C) Semester (1 credit)

18 hours practical/group/year

Fifth year class is divided into 9 groups. Each group will take a 3 weeks clinical pathology course per year. The department of pathology is responsible for providing essential lab. Information regarding surgical pathology, Cytopathology and lab. Hematology.

1. Surgical pathology

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be familiar with biopsy techniques, exisional and incisional types, types of fixatives, special stains, frozen section technique, applications of EM in surgical pathology and immunohistochemistry.

1. Definition of biopsy, excisional biopsy and insicional biopsy
2. Principles of performing a biopsy.
3. Instruments used in biopsy technique.
4. Handling of biopsy: fixation, dissection, dehydration, clearance, paraffin embedding, microtome sectioning, slide preparation and staining.
5. Principle and indications of frozen section
6. Use of electron microscope in surgical pathology: renal pathology and tumor pathology
7. Principle and indications of immunohistochemistry

2. Cytopathology

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be able to define exfoliative and FNA cytology and to describe advantages, disadvantages, indications and contraindications of FNA.

1. Definition
2. Exfoliative cytology: techniques and examples
3. Fine Needle Aspiration cytology (FNAc) technique.
4. Indications of FNAc
5. Limitations of  FNAc
6. Advantages of FNAc
7. Contraindications of FNAc
8. Comparison between cytology and histopathology
9. Immunocytochemistry

 

3. Lab. Hematology

Course objectives
At the end of the course the student should be familiar with various hematologic lab. Tests that are mention bellow.

1. Disorders of WBC: leucopenia, leukocytosis and leukemia
2. Disorders of RBC: anemia
3. Disorders of platelet: thrombocytopenia
4. Interpretation of CBP and Blood film
5. Coagulation disorders: PT, PTT, and bleeding time
6. Osmotic fragility test
7. Hemoglobinopathies and hemoglobin electrophoresis
8. HPLC
9. Cytogenetic and leukemias

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